Myopia is "the inability to see things at distance clearly without eye glasses or contact lenses unless they are relatively close to the eyes". In order to see well, the image captured by the eye should be focused on the retina (a layer at the back of the eye). Myopia occurs when image of a distant object being focused in front of the retina and the brain interprets it as a blurred image.
This commonly happens when:
- Your cornea is too curved
- Your eyeball is too long
- Your focusing lens is too strong
Other terms for Myopia:
- Short-sightedness
- Near-sightedness
Astigmatism is distorted vision caused when the cornea (the eye surface) is oval like a rugby ball instead of spherical like a basketball. This causes images to focus on more than one point in the eye (short or long of retina), resulting in blurred vision at distance or near. Astigmatism often occurs along with Myopia (Short-sightedness) or Hypermetropia (Long-sightedness).
Myopia most commonly develops in childhood or early teens (between 7-14 years old). In the United States and the European Union more than 25% of the adult population are myopic, while in certain asian countries myopia affects more than 80% of the adult population*#. Statistics show that the prevalence of myopia is increasing globally.
*Myopia in Singapore Benjamin Seet, Tien Yin Wong, Donald T H Tan, Seang Mei Saw, Vivian Balakrishnan, Lionel K H Lee and Arthur S M Lim. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 2001;85;521-526
#Prevalence of Myopia in a Group of Hong Kong Microscopists. Patrick W. K. Ting, Carly S. Y. Lam, Marion H Edwards, Katrinal. Schmid. Optom Vis Sci 2004;81:88-93.


